Euphorbia Resinifera Buy
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Euphorbia resinifera, the resin spurge, is a species of spurge native to Morocco, where it occurs on the slopes of the Atlas Mountains. The dried latex of the plant was used in ancient medicine. It contains resiniferatoxin, an extremely potent capsaicin analog tested as an analgesic since 1997.
Euphorbia resinifera is a species of spurge native to Morocco, where it occurs on the slopes of the Atlas Mountains.[1] It is similar to its relative Euphorbia echinus, which occurs on the Moroccan coast and the Canary Islands. Due to its origin it is also called the African spurge.[2]
Euphorbia resinifera contains a milky fluid or latex, which in its dried form is called Euphorbium. It has high concentration of resiniferatoxin, an analog of capsaicin, the primary vanilloid compound found in hot peppers. It can interact with a vanilloid receptor on primary sensory neurons mediating pain (nociception) and neurogenic inflammation. The pain sensing cation channel is TRPV1.[3] Resiniferatoxin has been used as a starting point in the development of a novel class of analgesics. Desensitization to topical resiniferatoxin has been tested in clinical trials to evaluate its potential to relieve neuropathic pain, as in diabetic polyneuropathy and postherpetic neuralgia.[3] Resiniferatoxin injected subcutaneously into a rat hind paw several minutes before a surgical incision reduced postsurgical pain for 10 days in a NIH study published March 2018.[4] It has been tested to treat pain with advanced cancer.[5]
Euphorbia resinifera becomes a dense suckering succulent shrub. The stems are a light-green to gray-blue color, almost square, and covered with small brown spines arranged in cymes. It has been in cultivation in California for many years. The plant flowers in summer with small yellow blooms, the stems of which dry and become spine-like.Euphorbia resinifera makes a nice low ground cover succulent where it is hardy, and can be propagated by cuttings taken in late spring to early summer. As with most succulent and cacti cuttings, the wound needs to have time to dry and callus over; then plant the cutting in loose, well draining cactus soil and give it time to root. It can also be propagated by seed sown indoors in early spring.Its repeated regular, rectangular stems of even low height create a strong pattern in the landscape making it a fine choice for cactus, succulent and xeriscape gardens. It also makes a nice container plant.This succulent has small spines and caustic sap so it is best located away from foot traffic. The sap of Euphorbia resinifera contains a high concentration of the toxin resinifera toxin which is being used as a starting point in the development of a novel class of analgesics. Recent research has shown that this toxin exhibits its effects in a similar fashion to capsaicin, the primary compound found in hot peppers. It is up to one thousand times stronger than pure capsaicin. So all parts of plant are poisonous if ingested and handling the plant may cause skin irritation or allergic reactions.Euphorbia resinifera is impervious to deer and rodents.
The most effortless of plants, Euphorbia resinifera (Resin Spurge) is a dense succulent shrub with erect, bluish to lime green, chubby columnar stems. Each stem is four-sided, with a row of small, but sharp spines extending up along each angle of the ribs. Looking remarkably cactus-like, Resin Spurge forms a stiff, multi-stemmed, cushion-shaped clump that expands over time. From spring to early summer, it bears small, simple, bright yellow flowers along the ribs of the stems. Resin Spurge is not a demanding plant, needing only a spot with good drainage and sun. While it tolerates partial shade, it is most compact in a sunny location. It can endure winter lows down to 20F (-7C). When a plant gets damaged it exudes a thick white milky sap (latex) that is poisonous. Be very careful when handling this plant
Euphorbia resinifera, or Resin Spurge, is a species of spurge with erect succulent stems that, at first glance, have the appearance of cactus. The plant is a dense, slow-growing shrub forming a multi-stemmed, cushion-shaped clump that can grow to 24 inches tall and spreading to 6 feet, 7 inches wide. The ascending branches are pale green with four ridges, short, sharp spines and small, inconspicuous flowers. It is sometimes used as a houseplant.
Background Euphorbia resinifera is a dense succulent shrub that is native to Morocco, where it is found on the slopes of the Atlas Mountainsin the surroundings of Marrakesh. These are fairly easy Euphorbia to grow in pots indoors or outdoors in mild climates. Their growth habit is clumping and will grow up to 60cm tall. Growth Requirements
A serine protease designated as EuRP-61 was purified from Euphorbia resinifera latex. The N-terminal sequence of 15 amino acids of EuRP-61 supported the conclusion that the enzyme was a serine protease because its amino acid sequence had homology (between 50 and 70% identities) with the subtilisin-like proteases of other plants. EuRP-61 had a molecular weight estimated at 61 kDa analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS. The enzyme could cleave human fibrinogen with optimal conditions at pH 5.0 and 45 C. The enzyme had a broad range of pH stability from 1 to 14 and tolerance to denaturation up to a temperature of approximately 65-66 C. EuRP-61 hydrolyzed fibrinogen with a Michaelis constant (Km) of 4.95 0.1 μM; a maximal velocity (Vmax) of 578.1 11.81 ng min-1; and a catalytic efficiency (Vmax/Km) of 116.8 1 ng μM-1 min-1. EuRP-61was crystallized under the condition of sodium iodide (0.2 M), Bis-Tris propane (0.1 M, pH 8.5) and PEG3350 (20%) by the sitting-drop method. The crystal belonged to space group P212121, with unit cell dimension a = 109.91, b = 67.38 and c = 199.45 Å and diffracted X-ray to 2.53 Å resolution. The crystal structure of EuRP-61 will be explored further by special phase solving techniques.
Objectives: The aim of this work is to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant, hypoglycemic, and antiobesity effects of Euphorbia resinifera extracts and investigate the phenolic constituents and the toxicity of these extracts.
Conclusion: These findings show the antioxidant, hypoglycemic, and hyperlipidemic effects of E. resinifera extracts, which should be investigated further to validate their medicinal uses and their pharmaceutical applications.
Euphorbia resinifera or Moroccan mound is a succulent plant species that belongs to the family Euphorbiaceae. It is native to Morocco and can grow up to two feet tall with a spread of about three to four feet wide.
In terms of cold hardiness, Euphorbia resinifera is considered to be marginally cold hardy and can tolerate temperatures down to around 25F for short periods of time. It is therefore best suited to growing in warm or temperate climates in landscape applications. The Moroccan mound makes a great container plant in colder climates. It is a slow-growing plant, so it may take several years to reach its full size.
Euphorbia resinifera latex has been extensively utilized in traditional medicine due to its range of bioactivities. Chromatographic separations on silica gel of ethanol extract of E. resinifera latex led to the development of a new procedure for isolating resiniferatoxin (4) via dried E. resinifera latex and the identification of nine compounds. Among these, catechol (7), protocatechuic acid (8) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (9), known phenolic compounds, were identified for the first time in E. resinifera latex. Herein we investigated the effects of major compounds of the latex of E. resinifera on the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, on the growth of Aspergillus carbonarius, a widespread fungal contaminant, and on the breast cancer cell line MCF7 as well as on MCF10A normal breast cells. 12-deoxyphorbol-13-isobutyrate-20-acetate (2) had an inhibiting effect on the growth of A. carbonarius, and 7-p-metoxyphenylacetate-3,8,12-triacetate ingol (3) showed a negative effect on yeast cell growth and also a cytotoxic effect on breast cancer cell line MCF7, but not on MCF10A cells. Deglucosyl euphorbioside A (5) and euphorbioside A (6) showed a discoloration effect that was possibly related to mitochondrial functionality in yeast, and also cytotoxicity only on the cancer cell line that was tested. Interestingly, treatment of MCF7 cells with 7-p-metoxyphenylacetate-3,8,12-triacetate ingol (3) and deglucosyl euphorbioside A (5) not only led to a specific cytotoxic effect but also to the increase in the level of intracellular ROS.
Synonyms: Euphorbia sansalvador Cultivation: Commonly sold at garden outlet centres they are some of the easiest and care-free Euphorbias to grow, both in pots and in the ground in areas with a mild climate, but they can even be grown indoors. They grow well in a very draining mineral potting substrate, but they aren't picky about soil. During the summer they enjoy average feeding and watering. When dormant, plants are relatively cold tolerant. They will rapidly mound, branch and spread. These are widely adaptable, able to take full sun that helps the plants to keep their compact growth-form, but different clones vary in their tolerance of full sunshine. Propagation: It is propagated by cuttings (It branches enthusiastically and offsets are readily available). If you remove an offset, remember to let it dry for a week or so, letting the wound heal (cuttings planted too soon will easily rot before they can grow roots). It is better to wash the cut to remove the latex. Warning: As with all other Euphorbias when a plant get damaged it exudes a thick white milky sap known as latex. This latex (resin) is poisonous contains some of the most potent irritants known. The very high irritant activity of the latex may be ascribed to resiniferatoxin (A potent toxin). The latex is particularly dangerous for the eyes, skin and mucous membranes. It can produce burning pain in bones. Pains in limbs and paralytic weakness in the joints. Important respiratory and skin symptoms, terrible burning pains. So pay extreme attention not to get any in your eyes or mouth. Cultivated plants must be handled carefully. 59ce067264
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